The Effect of Mineral-Based Mixtures Containing Coal Fly Ash and Sewage Sludge on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Selected Morphological Parameters of Deciduous and Coniferous Trees

Coal fly ash (CFA), which is generated in huge quantities coal-fired power plants, a problem worldwide. Mixtures with and sewage sludge alter morphological biochemical characteristics of plants. In this experiment, the response pine, spruce, beech alder growing for four years to mineral mixtures based on coal high salinity (SS) was studied. The four-year experiment determined chlorophyll fluorescence tested their height yield, level phytotoxicity. proved be more beneficial plants than separate application. After years, among studied species, highest increase biomass recorded European Scots pine. These species were also characterized by photosynthetic indices. containing 29% SS created optimal conditions development tree species. Grey ponderosa pine can recommended reclamation degraded areas where CFA are used.